The Petit Provençal

The Little Provençal ( The Little Provincial ) was a French provincial daily newspaper founded in Marseille in 1880. It took a Left Republican position, although it was never an official socialist organ. In the years before World War I (1914-18) many prominent politicians contributed to the paper. The paper opposed the pact between Germany and Russia just beforeWorld War II (1939-45), and after the fall of France versus the Vichy regime. However, it managed to continue publication until 1944.

History

The Petit Provençal was founded in Marseille in 1880, and distributed in south eastern France. It was Originally titled The Young Republic ( The Young Republic ). [1] The founder was Geoffroy Velten (1831-1915), also called Godfried Velten, a Protestant entrepreneur and militant Republican who became a Municipal Councilor in Marseilles in 1880, and on January 25, 1883 was made Senator for Bouches-du-Rhone . Velten also founded Equality . [2] The paper competed with others Such As Le Petit Marseillais , Radical and Le Soleil du Midi . [3]At first the newspaper published opinions and polemics, but later it became a source of news and information. [4] Thus, during the campaign in Madagascar, from September 1894 to December 1896 The Little Provençal devoted 95 editorials or feature articles on the front page to colonial issues. [5]

The Little Provencal paper called itself a Socialist Republican newspaper, but was never the official organ of the socialists. Between 1890 and 1900 it was socialist candidates of all camps, including Guesdists . Regular contributors included Alexandre Millerand , René Viviani , Gustave Rouanet, Clovis Hugues and Leon Mirman. [5] André Joseph Lefèvre wrote for Le Petit Provençal in the period before World War I (1914-18). [6] During the period leading up to 1914 the paper emphasized that it supported both radicals and socialists. The circulation was 40,000-50,000 in 1902. [7]While papers at the time usually gave false circulation figures Le Petit Provencal by 1913 probably Had a daily circulation of about 100,000. Advertising only filled 20% or so of the pages. [8]

By 1914 The Little Provençal had a circulation of 100,000-110,000 in 1914, mostly among the working-class people of Marseilles, where it faced fierce competition from The Petit Marseillais . [7] The Little Provençal continued to take a socialist position after World War I. [7] After the war the socialist Marcel Déat contributed to the newspaper. [9] The Little Provencal became the regional organ of the Left. On August 29, 1939, the eve of World War II (1939-45), The Little Provencalcalled Expired for supporting for the Administrative Commission of the General Confederation of Labor (General Confederation of Labor), qui HAD Condemned the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact entre the USSR and Germany. [10]

On 18 June 1940 Le Petit Provencal and Le Petit Marseillais Both published an appeal from General Charles de Gaulle in icts Entirety. [11] Shortly after the Vichy government of Marshal Philip Petain had been established the newspaper published an article on 18 July 1940 that had been achieved by the French Third Republic since the 1875 constitution was established. It concluded with the words, “Long live freedom! Long live the Republic!” [12] American films were banned after the Germans arrived in Marseilles. Leon Bancal was jailed for an article Farewell to Mickey in The Little Provencal .[13] The newspaper was closed in 1944. [1]

Notes

  1. ^ Jump up to:a b The Petit provençal – SUDOC .
  2. Jump up^ Godfried Velten … GénéProvence.
  3. Jump up^ Beudot 1999, p. 150.
  4. Jump up^ Chamber of Deputies 1881, p. 561.
  5. ^ Jump up to:a b Olivesi 1964 , p. 29.
  6. Jump up^ Jolly 1977.
  7. ^ Jump up to:a b c Olivesi 1964 , p. 30.
  8. Jump up^ Collins 2001, pp. 112-121.
  9. Jump up^ Bergounioux 1978, p. 406.
  10. Jump up^ Guillon 1992, p. 38.
  11. Jump up^ Guiraud 1979, p. 63.
  12. Jump up^ Kitson 2014, p. 88-89.
  13. Jump up^ Guiraud 1979, p. 89.

Sources

  • Beudot, Françoise-Albane (1999). David Dellepiane: Painter, poster artist, illustrator . Parenthesis Editions. p. 150. ISBN  978-2-86364-098-2 . Retrieved 2013-04-28 .
  • Bergounioux, Alaine (October-December 1978). “Neo-socialism Marcel Deat: traditional reformism or spirit of the thirties”. Historical Review . University Presses of France. 260 (2 (528)). JSTOR  40953188 .
  • Chamber of Deputies (1881). Annals: Parliamentary debates . Official journal printing . Retrieved 2015-07-22 .
  • Collins, Ross F. (2001). “The Business of Journalism in France during World War I”. Journalism History . 27 (3). ISSN  0094-7679 .
  • “Godfried Velten (1831-1915), Senator of Bouches-du-Rhone” . GénéProvence (in French). 2014-09-08 . Retrieved 2015-07-22 .
  • Guillon, Jean-Marie (January-March 1992). “The Var workers’ unionism from the collapse to the apogee (1939-1944)”. The social movement . Editions L’Atelier on behalf of Association The Social Movement (158, Syndicalismes Sous Vichy). JSTOR  3779326 .
  • Guiraud, Jean-Michel (January 1979). “INTELLECTUAL AND ARTISTIC LIFE IN MARSEILLE IN THE TIME OF THE MARSHAL PÉTTAIN”. Second World War History Review, 29th Year . Presses Universitaires de France (113, PROVENCE DURING THE WAR). JSTOR  25728974 .
  • Jolly, Jean (1977). “André, Joseph LEFÈVRE” . Dictionary of French Parliamentarians from 1889 to 1940 (in French) . Retrieved 2015-07-12 .
  • Kitson, Simon (2014-05-01). Police and Politics in Marseille, 1936-1945 . BRILL. ISBN  978-90-04-26523-3 . Retrieved 2015-07-22 .
  • “The Little Provençal” . SUDOC: University Documentation System . Retrieved 2015-07-22 .
  • Olivesi, A. (January-March 1964). “The Marseille Socialists and the colonial problem”. The Social Movement (in French). Editions L’Atelier on behalf of Association The Social Movement (46). JSTOR  3777263 .

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